Atoms

This is the starting point for the next four topics. Atoms are matter that make up everything. Atoms cannot be seen by the naked eye, so you need a electron microscope. (Don't get one unless you want your whole neighbour hood to loose all their electricity)  Atoms are simple if you get it. Basically, to make an atom, you need electrons. If you like, think about the atom as a solar system. The sun is the nucleus (centre) and then the protons and neutrons are sun spots, and then then the electrons are planets whizzing around the gravity of the sun or the nucleus and sunspots. The electrical charges of the sub atomic particles are: Protons=positive. nucleus=none. Neutron:none. Electron=negative. The orbit of the electrons or planets are called shells. Well that's it Universe daily fans, Bye.

Solar system:The basics

As i want to make my blog more organised, I'm learning to do a horizontal tabs bar.

This tab is the solar system.

The basics

The solar system has the sun placed slap bang in the centre,the sun produces heat and gravity to keep the 8 planets in orbit. The 8 planets in order of closest to the sun to the farthest are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus (Don't laugh!) and Neptune. You may be wondering why Pluto isn't in there, well, in 2006, the European astronomy association decided that Pluto was one of many Dwarf planets in the solar system. Dwarf planets are small planets that don't have a clear orbit. (meaning there isn't a large amount of material in it's orbit. Between Mars and Jupiter is the asteroid belt, home to the other 3 most famous dwarf planets. They are: Eris, Makemake and Ceres. Another asteroid belt but a smaller one is in Pluto's orbit called the Keiper belt and beyond that, a bigger asteroid belt than the Keiper belt is the Oort cloud. And that is where our solar system is complete.

Galaxy clusters

Galaxy clusters are bassiclly big clumps of galaxies. Each Galaxy cluster has 1,000 galaxies to 1,000,000 (Anything above 1,000,000 is a supercluster) Our galaxy is in the local galactic group galaxy cluster and the virgo supercluster. With the Hubble telescope, sciencetists made a picture of the whole known universe which contained all the galaxy clusters and superclusters. If you look at it, it's like a sponge.

Long time, no fact

Sorry I haven't been able to post for nearly 2 months, it's just because information is running low. Any way, today's topic is active galaxies, to understand this, you must read the galaxies post i did. Basically, active galaxies are highly, radioactive galaxies, most of these are young galaxies, probably 1 billion years old. There are 4 mains types of active galaxies, Seyfert,Quasar (not to be confused with the caravan manufacturer) Blazar (similar to Quasars) and six packs (not to be confused with muscles in the abdomen) Quasars are active galaxies with streams of highly charged sub atomic particles emanating from it's centre. These streams can spread across 2 light years! Seyfert are spiral galaxies that have a highly radioactive centre, scientists think all spiral galaxies are seyferts in one point in there life. Six packs are 6 seyferts near each other and Blazars are not really clear, they are like Quasars but emanating protons.

galaxies

Galaxies are clusters of stars and gas. We are in the galaxy called the Milky way named after a Greek myth in which I cannot remember. The milky way is a spiral type galaxy but some scientists think it's a barred galaxy. The type of  galaxy depends on its shape.The spiral type being a spiral shape, barred galaxies are spiral galaxies but with two arms instead of many. Then there are elliptical galaxies are flat an contain billions of old stars. Lenticular galaxies are like a CD, with a "hole" in the middle and  a circular shape. Finally there are irregular galaxies which come in all shapes and sizes. All galaxies have one thing in common, a super-massive black hole or an ultra-massive black hole in the middle of the galaxy. Most galaxies have older stars near the centre and new stars near the outer regions. Galaxies types also have sub-divisions. For example, one type is spiral Sb. These sub divisions each have a different feature to a spiral type Sc or any other of its type.

Well bloggers, thats it for today, see you!

eras of the big bang

The first era was the planck epoch which did't last very long.Next was the  inflationary epoch that lasted less than a millisecond , after that the electroweak epoch was when the weak force and the electromagnetism forces went into the universe and combined. The next period was he quark epoch when quarks flooded into the universe. Then the Hadron epoch where quarks and anti quarks formed to make sub atomic particles. The lepton epoch came first this is where the battle between matter and antimatter took place or should I say anti leptons and leptons. After that battle the photon epoch began. This was when the photons dominated the universe and the sub atomic particles still had a part in the universe. The era of nucleosynthesis was where photons formed the first helium and hydrogen. The opaque era was when the sub atomic particles interacted with photons to make the universe full of gas and "fog." The last era is the atomic epoch where the first atoms appeared.

     

neutron/proton stars

These are the remnants of a exploded high mass star. These are x ray emitting very dense but small stars. That was the small introduction to a neutron star. A proton star is slightly different, they emit in fared light waves. A neutron star is only 15 meters but its mass is incredibly heavy, a pinhead of it's material would weigh more than 2 supertankers. It's gravity is extremely powerful, scientists still don't know how strong. A neutron stars goes "on" and "off" on the position its spins round. To be honest it nearly the same with a proton star. One last thing is that a neutron star has so much gravity that you could barely lift your your head. Well that's all see you tommorow