Remnants of a star

A Black Hole

After a star dies, it takes many forms and as usual, depending on its size and class. The lower class stars fizzle out into a white dwarf which then  takes billions of years to eventually die. For higher class stars, the core collapses into a neutron star. Sometimes it forms a protostar which has cosmic rays spewing out of both its poles. The biggest stars can collapse under its own gravity and make a black hole.

During the death of lower class stars, they expand into a red giant. These stars can form naturally but are extremely rare. Anyway, there are quite a few of these which used to be like our sun. In fact, out sun will become a red giant in five billion years!

Well that's it, for the whole star topic, I wanted to do the star topic until I thought of a big one. Its going to be theorems about the universe.

Picture- O class star

The blue light is an
O class star

The death of a star

After a certain amount of time, a star runs out of hydrogen. The size and class of a star decides how long a star lasts, with the M class stars lasting the longest and O class dying the fastest. Anyway, when the hydrogen stores are depleted, it will move on to helium, and burn that, until it reaches the element iron, which starts the death.

The type of death depends on its size and class. M and K classes just fizzle out, but G and F expand into one hundred times its size before shrinking into a white dwarf, but the big stars- A,B and O have very violent deaths. The core expands until the outer material of the star explodes into space. Sometimes the core collapses to become a neutron star. This is a supernova. Another possibility is a black hole. This is when a star collapses under its own gravity!

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picture-Red and Dead galaxy

This galaxy has many dead stars. This is why
its called a red and dead galaxy.

Birth of a star

A star is born in a nebula, a cloud of hot gas, sometimes from a dead star. There are several types of nebulae and these include an emission nebula, dark nebula, planetary nebula and many more. A star forms when the cloud of gas collapses into a dense ball. 

Artists impression of
a T class star

After it has collapsed and more gas has swirled into it, nuclear fusion starts, if the star fails to star it becomes a brown dwarf which are classes L,T,Y. More gas continues to go into the star until it stops growing. The star is born and now creates a gravitational pull to form gas giants and create terrestrial planets. 

picture-supernova

This is a supernova from hundreds
of years ago

Star classification

So yesterday, we went a bit into star classification but there is more to it.

So the smallest star is a red colour and goes as low as 2,500 kelvin and is M class. Next is K and it is a orange colour star and goes up to 5,200 kelvin, then G, which is what our sun is. G stars are yellow and temperatures can go as high as 6000 kelvin, then F stars which are a white-yellow colour and temperatures can be as hot as 7,500 kelvin, following that are the A class stars which are white in colour. They can be extremely hot at 10,000 kelvin. Second to last is B, they are white-blue and can reach 33,000 kelvin in temperatures. Finally is class O which is blue and can go over 60,000 kelvin.

So they're the main classes, but there are sub- classes as well. They contain numbers ranging from 0-9 and roman numerals from I to V. The numbers are in tenths to the next star class. The Roman Numerals measure the size of the star which shows how much light it gives out.